Smart card

A smart card, also known as a chip card, is a physical card that contains an integrated circuit chip, which securely stores and processes data.

The chip can authenticate a user, verify credentials, and store encrypted data.

Smart cards typically come in two forms: contact cards, which must be inserted into a reader so the metal contacts can communicate with the chip, and contactless cards, which use radio-frequency technology to interact with a reader simply by being tapped or held nearby. Some cards combine both methods.

In travel, smart cards can be used in transit systems, allowing travelers to tap in and out of buses, metros, and ferries, while hotel room keys often use smart card technology to grant secure access to guest rooms and on-property amenities.

Some smart cards are also programmable, allowing travel providers to update information such as loyalty points or membership status without issuing a new card.